Cultivator



S. L. ALLEN.

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

GULTIVATOR.

(No Model.)

No; 466,282. Patented Dec. 29, 1891.

Qfi'inesses MM 8 00M (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

s. L. ALLEN.

OULTIVATOR.

No.'466,282. Patented Dec. 29, 18-91.

Q Wdinessea 4 Q [inventor w M63 055% g I ir v (No Model.) I asne'ets-sneet a.

S. LpALLEN.

GULTIVATOR.

N0. 466,282;- Patented Dec. 29, 1891.

[nI/enZaf Witnesses ALI;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL L. ALLEN, OF CINNAMIN SON, NEXV JERSEY.

' cu LTIVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 466,282, datedDecember 29, 1891.

Application filed March 13, 1891. Serial No. 384,888. (No model.)

To all whom it mag concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL L. ALLEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oinnaminson, in the county of Burlington and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCultivators, of which the following is a full specification.

My invention consists of certain improved features of construction in animplement to be used as a combined cultivator,horse-hoe, furrower, &c.,my improvements serving to materially increase in various ways theutility of the implement.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows in side elevationa cultivator embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.Fig. 3 shows in perspective the draft-hook and pin. Fig. 4 is a sideview of a part of the implementwith the side bar broken away to show themode of connection of the parts tothe central bar. Fig. 5 is aperspective View of the draft-hook pin. Fig. 6 shows the peculiar shapeof the reversible hoe-blades, and Fig. 7 is a side view of thedraft-pin.

The general construction and arrangement of the frame of the implementso far as the shape of the central bar and side bars is concerned andthe connection of said bars together is similar to that shown in UnitedStates Letters Patent No. 424,946, issued to me April 8, 1890, to whichreference is hereby made.

A is the central bar, and B B the side bars, hinged to the centralbarbetween the hingeplates B B bolted together and to the central bar.

I I are the handles, connected at t' to the central bar, preferably by ajoint allowing lateral adjustment of the handles.

H is the handle -brace, the upper arms of which are bolted at h to thehandles I I, the

bottom of the brace resting upon and being bolted to thesupporting-piece H, which is .rigidly connected with the central bar inthe manner presently to be seen.

The bottom of the handle-brace is provided with the slot h, throughwhich the bolt passes that secures the brace Hand supporting-piece Htogether, this arrangement with the joint at 11 admitting of the handlesI I being clamped in any position either central with the frame or toeither side, as desired.

The side bars B B are opened apart and drawn together by means of thehandle-lever F, acting upon the expanders P P. G are the fulcrum-piecesof the handle-lever F, said fulcrum-pieces being attached at g. to theseat-piece H of the handle-brace. vThe handle-lever' is fulcrumed at gto the pieces G and at its lower end is pivotally attached at f to thesliding piece G (see Fig. 4,) which is guided to slide on the centralbar A and which bears the toothed piece G.

H is a-clip, which is bolted or otherwise secured to the central bar andbolted to outward extensions or lugs, on which clip are pivoted at 19the inner ends of the expanders P P. The expanders P P on each side arepivoted together at 19, while the outer ends of expanders P arepivotedat p to connec: tions of the side bars. Y

The expanders P are connected by arms R with the sliding piece G saidarms being pivoted at r to lugs on said sliding piece and at p to saidexpanders. ment is such that moving the handle-lever back and forthopens out and draws together the side bars. A stop or pawl within theopen-handle lever F is adapted to engage with the teeth of the piece G,thus acting to hold the side bars in any desired position with referenceto the central bar, said stop or pawl being raised by means of thesecondary handle F, pivoted at f in the handle-lever F and connected bya rod or wire F to said handle F. The bolts 19 on which the inner endsof the expanders P are pivoted, also serve, as shown in the drawings, tosecure the supporting-piece H of the handle-brace H to the clip H oneach side. (See Fig. 4.) My object is to have the points of attachmentof the handle-supporter to the central bar on each side practicallyidentical with the inner pivots of the expanders, thus preventing thecentral bar from springing and securing great strength. I mightaccomplish this, moreover,

The whole arrangeby having the supporting-piece H integral with the clipH and in the same position as herein shown.

N N are outwardly-bent bars forming detachable extensions to the sidebars B B and IOO hinged tosaid side bars near the rear thereof, eachside bar being for this purpose provided with the hinge-plates N N whichare bolted together at a, one above and one below the side bar, theextension-bar N being pivoted between said plates. These extension-barsare so shaped as to greatly increase the width of the frame, thusmaterially widening the track of the cultivator. As herein shown, fouradditional teeth are secured to said extensionbars.

M is a detachable central-bar extension rigidly secured, as at m to therear of the central bar A. This central-bar extension is provided with aclamping device m, in which are secured the inner ends of the conmeeting-bars M, pivoted at m to connections on the extension side barsN. By simply removing the hinge-plates N N and unscrewing the bolts onthe rearward extension to the frame, consisting of the bars N, M, and M,may be removed. The extension side bars N N may be varied in width withrespect to the central bar independently of the side bars B, as willreadily be seenwithout further description.

I have shown my improved implement as provided with a front wheel D,journaled in one arm 0 of a lever, the other arm 0 of which serves as ahandle to raise and lower the wheel, the lever O 0 being pivoted to thecentral bar at c. The construction and operation of this lever aresubstantially identical with that shown and described in an applicationfor United States Letters Patent for an improved cultivator, harrow, andpulverizer combined, filed by me February 28, 1891, the serial number ofwhich is 383,160. The height of the wheel D is determined bya stop orpawl e, which engages with a toothed piece E, bolted to the central bar,and is operated by a handle 0 pivoted at c in the handle-lever C andconnected with said stop or pawl by the rod 0. The use of thisadjustable wheel is easily and quickly to regulate the depth to whichthe cultivator-teeth penetrate the ground even while the tool is inmotion, to steady the tool, and to wheel it on from place to place. Thedepth is accurately regulated in the rear by means of a peculiarattachment to the rearinost teeth K consisting of a float or tail-pieceJ, which is L-shaped, one arm being adapted to rest upon the groundwhile the other is provided with a slot j.

J is a piece firmly bolted to the blade or standard of the tooth K", towhich piece J is rigidly secured at the desired height the float J bymeans of the bolt j, which may be fastened at any desired. height in theslot j. In this manner the depth of cut of the implement in the rear maybe readily varied by simply adjusting the boltj' to different positionsin the slot j and 'fastening it tightly therein at the desiredpositions. The floats act, moreover, as steadiers to guide the implementin a straight track.

By means of the adjustable wheel in front and the floats J, alsoadjustable in height at the rear, the whole implement may not only bereadily made to cut at any desired depth in the ground, but also may bemade to run perfectly level at that depth and run steadily.

I have shown the cultivator as supplied with various forms of teeth,adapting it for a great variety of uses. The forward teeth K Kareinwardly-extending sweeps, having straight blades with curved shieldsat the junction of the blade to the standard. These standards aresecured to the frame by the well-known staple-bolts and seats, wherebythe blades are angularly adjustable.

The hoe-blades K are of peculiar construction. The point that enters theground is bent over near the extreme end thereof and curved, as at Ye(see Fig. 6,) to form a plowshare-like point. The blade being similarlythough oppositely curved at top and bottom and provided with similarplowshare-points k at opposite ends thereof, is reversible, and when oneedge is worn out may be simply turned about on its standard to exposethe opposite edge. These blades, like the hoeblades K K are angularlyadjustable.

S is the marker-arm, pivoted at its inner end at t to and supported byan appropriate seat T, connected to the central bar of the implement.This seat T is elevated suffieiently to allow the handle-lever 0,operating the adjustable front wheel D, to have free play beneath themarker-arm and not interfere therewith. By means of the'staple-bolt Sembracing the arm S the vertical bar S is secured to said arm and may beclamped at any position thereon. This bar S has pivoted thereto at s themarker-blade S which is formed of two pieces of struck-up steel boltedtogether in front, but spreading apart at the rear, as shown in Fig. 2,and presenting in side view the shape shown in Fig. 1. By this peculiarshape the marker-blade makes a distinct furrow, and by reason of itspivotal connection to the bar S it has an oscillation whereby it adaptsitself readily to unevenness in the ground. By means of the handle S,swiveled to the arm S, the marker may be turned on its pivot t from oneside to the other of the implement, the seat T being so high that itdoes not in this motion interfere with the handle-lever C beneath it.

The shape of the draft-hook O is such as to prevent the ring of thesingletree when once inserted therein from being removed by any motionof the horse or implement. To this end the hook-slot, as shown in Fig.3, is made quite narrow, so that the singletree-ring fits more or lessaccurately therein, the top of the hook running inward for a shortdistance from the front end, as it were, horizontally forming a guard,which prevents accidental re moval of the singletree-ring from thehookslot. The top then curves abruptly upward, as at O, to enable thering to be removed when desired by bringing said ring into the center ofthe hook-sl0t and then lifting it vertically out; The pin g, whichsecures the draft- ITO hook to the forward hook-shaped end of thecentral bar A, has the button Q provided with the slot q, which, whenthe handle Q of the pin is in the right position, slips over the lug 0,so as to allow the pin to be turned with the button in a notch behindsaid lug 0, the pin being thus held in place. The button Qmay bethickened gradually from 1 to 2, (see Fig. 5,) so as to form awedge-shaped button, as shown in Fig. 7, so that the button first turnseasily in the notch, but may, by turning the handle Q, carried beyondthe high point reach a looselyv confined position beyond, thuspreventing the pin from being accidentally removed from the draft-hook.The weight of the part Q also prevents the pin from accidentally turningupward, so as to be unlocked. When fastened in place. the draft-hookstands substantially horizontal, so as to be convenient for use.

1. In acultivator, the combination, with the central bar and hingedlaterally-adjustable side bars, of detachable laterally-adjustablerearwardly and outwardly projecting side-bar extensions hinged to saidside bars, connecting-bars secured to said extensions, and a clampingdevice on said central bar ora connection thereof, substantially as andfor the purposes described.

2. In a cultivator, the combination, with the I central bar-and sidebars, of detachable lat bind firmly therein, or by beingerally-adjustable side-bar extensions hinged to said side bars, adetachable central-bar extension secured to said central bar,connecting-bars secured to said side-bar extensions, and a clampingdevice on said central-bar ex-- tensions; substantially as described.

3. A cultivator provided with reversible hoe-blades K having at oppositeextremities thereof the plowshare-points 70 bent back from the face ofthe tooth, the oppositelycurved edges of the tooth being smoothly convexfrom one plowshare-point to the other, substantially as described. I

4. In a cultivator, the combination, with an adjustable lever-operatedfront wheel, of one or more rearwardly-extending L-shaped adjustablefloats or tail-pieces secured to the rearmost tooth or teeth, wherebythe depth of cut of the implement may be regulated both in front and inthe rear, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the draft-hook O of a cultivator, of the pin q,having aslottedbutton Q, gradually increasing in thickness from one edgeof the slot around the periphery of the button to the other,substantially as and for the purposes described.

hand.

' SAMUEL L. ALLEN.

Vitnesses:

A. L. J ACOBY, WM. H. ROBERTS.

. In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my

